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<div style='display: inline'> <h1 style='font-family: Malgun Gothic, Consolas; font-size: 20pt; color: #006699; text-align: center; font-weight: bold'>uwsgi 설치 시 fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory</h1> <p> <a target='tab' href='https://www.sysnet.pe.kr/2/0/12881'>uwsgi도 python의 모듈로 설치</a>되는데요, 예를 들어 python 3.11을 적용한 웹 애플리케이션을 만들어도 기존 환경의 uwsgi를 실행하면,<br /> <br /> <pre style='margin: 10px 0px 10px 10px; padding: 10px 0px 10px 10px; background-color: #fbedbb; overflow: auto; font-family: Consolas, Verdana;' > $ <span style='color: blue; font-weight: bold'>~/.local/bin/uwsgi --py-autoreload=3 --http-socket :18091 --chdir /testprj/django --wsgi-file ./testprj/wsgi.py</span> *** Starting uWSGI 2.0.20 (64bit) on [Sat Nov 26 13:58:37 2022] *** compiled with version: 9.4.0 on 10 May 2022 06:47:13 os: Linux-5.15.74.2-microsoft-standard-WSL2 #1 SMP Sat Nov 2 19:50:29 UTC 2022 nodename: testusr10 machine: x86_64 clock source: unix detected number of CPU cores: 16 current working directory: /testprj/django detected binary path: /home/testusr/.local/bin/uwsgi !!! no internal routing support, rebuild with pcre support !!! chdir() to /testprj/django your processes number limit is 126951 your memory page size is 4096 bytes detected max file descriptor number: 1024 lock engine: pthread robust mutexes thunder lock: disabled (you can enable it with --thunder-lock) uwsgi socket 0 bound to TCP address :18091 fd 3 <span style='color: blue; font-weight: bold'>Python version: 3.8.10</span> (default, Jun 22 2022, 20:18:18) [GCC 9.4.0] Python main interpreter initialized at 0x564cccc076e0 python threads support enabled your server socket listen backlog is limited to 100 connections your mercy for graceful operations on workers is 60 seconds mapped 145808 bytes (142 KB) for 1 cores *** Operational MODE: single process *** WSGI app 0 (mountpoint='') ready in 0 seconds on interpreter 0x564cccc076e0 pid: 9810 (default app) *** uWSGI is running in multiple interpreter mode *** spawned uWSGI master process (pid: 9810) spawned uWSGI worker 1 (pid: 9812, cores: 1) Python auto-reloader enabled </pre> <br /> 웹 애플리케이션과 상관없이 uwsgi를 설치한 python 환경으로 실행됩니다. 따라서, 다음과 같이 명시적으로 해당 파이썬의 버전으로 uwsgi 모듈을 설치해야 합니다.<br /> <br /> <pre style='margin: 10px 0px 10px 10px; padding: 10px 0px 10px 10px; background-color: #fbedbb; overflow: auto; font-family: Consolas, Verdana;' > $ <span style='color: blue; font-weight: bold'>python3.11 -m pip install uwsgi</span> Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages is not writeable Collecting uwsgi Using cached uwsgi-2.0.21.tar.gz (808 kB) Preparing metadata (setup.py) ... done Building wheels for collected packages: uwsgi Building wheel for uwsgi (setup.py) ... done Created wheel for uwsgi: filename=uWSGI-2.0.21-cp311-cp311-linux_x86_64.whl size=554642 sha256=22a639e9ace98d52ba5442af5a7b8e2a43eca2c3270d5a929e41cc63c374d211 Stored in directory: /home/testusr/.cache/pip/wheels/ee/d7/0c/3abf1fe02439b5d37adf23207499340f89c5120bde5fc474f6 Successfully built uwsgi Installing collected packages: uwsgi Successfully installed uwsgi-2.0.21 </pre> <br /> 이후 다시 실행하면 정상적으로 3.11 버전의 파이썬 환경이 적용되는 것을 확인할 수 있습니다.<br /> <br /> <pre style='margin: 10px 0px 10px 10px; padding: 10px 0px 10px 10px; background-color: #fbedbb; overflow: auto; font-family: Consolas, Verdana;' > $ <span style='color: blue; font-weight: bold'>/home/testusr/.local/bin/uwsgi --py-autoreload=3 --http-socket :18091 --chdir /testprj/django --wsgi-file ./testprj/wsgi.py</span> *** Starting uWSGI 2.0.21 (64bit) on [Sat Nov 26 14:13:50 2022] *** compiled with version: 9.4.0 on 26 November 2022 05:11:23 ...[생략]... <span style='color: blue; font-weight: bold'>Python version: 3.11.0</span> (main, Oct 24 2022, 19:55:51) [GCC 9.4.0] Python main interpreter initialized at 0x7f66d4e8c838 ...[생략]... </pre> <br /> <hr style='width: 50%' /><br /> <br /> 참고로, uwsgi 설치 시 다음과 같은 오류가 발생한다면?<br /> <br /> <pre style='height: 800px; margin: 10px 0px 10px 10px; padding: 10px 0px 10px 10px; background-color: #fbedbb; overflow: auto; font-family: Consolas, Verdana;' > $ <span style='color: blue; font-weight: bold'>python3.11 -m pip install uwsgi</span> Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages is not writeable Collecting uwsgi Using cached uwsgi-2.0.21.tar.gz (808 kB) Preparing metadata (setup.py) ... done Building wheels for collected packages: uwsgi Building wheel for uwsgi (setup.py) ... error error: subprocess-exited-with-error × python setup.py bdist_wheel did not run successfully. │ exit code: 1 ╰─> [157 lines of output] /usr/lib/python3.11/distutils/dist.py:274: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'descriptions' warnings.warn(msg) running bdist_wheel running build running build_py creating build creating build/lib copying uwsgidecorators.py -> build/lib installing to build/bdist.linux-x86_64/wheel running install using profile: buildconf/default.ini detected include path: ['/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/include', '/usr/local/include', '/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu', '/usr/include'] Patching "bin_name" to properly install_scripts dir detected CPU cores: 16 configured CFLAGS: -O2 -I. -Wall -D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 -Wextra -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-missing-field-initializers -DUWSGI_HAS_IFADDRS -DUWSGI_ZLIB -DUWSGI_LOCK_USE_MUTEX -DUWSGI_EVENT_USE_EPOLL ...[생략]...(transformation_template);ULEP(stats_pusher_socket);" *** uWSGI compiling server core *** [thread 1][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/master.o ...[생략]... [thread 6][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/config_py.o *** uWSGI compiling embedded plugins *** [thread 12][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] plugins/python/pyutils.o ...[생략]... [thread 1][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] plugins/python/uwsgi_pymodule.o In file included from plugins/python/pyutils.c:1: plugins/python/uwsgi_python.h:4:10: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory 4 | #include <Python.h> | ^~~~~~~~~~ compilation terminated. [thread 4][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] plugins/python/profiler.o In file included from plugins/python/python_plugin.c:1: plugins/python/uwsgi_python.h:4:10: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory 4 | #include <Python.h> | ^~~~~~~~~~ compilation terminated. In file included from plugins/python/pyloader.c:1: plugins/python/uwsgi_python.h:4:10: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory 4 | #include <Python.h> | ^~~~~~~~~~ compilation terminated. In file included from plugins/python/wsgi_handlers.c:1: plugins/python/uwsgi_python.h:4:10: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory 4 | #include <Python.h> | ^~~~~~~~~~ compilation terminated. In file included from plugins/python/wsgi_headers.c:1: plugins/python/uwsgi_python.h:4:10: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory 4 | #include <Python.h> | ^~~~~~~~~~ compilation terminated. In file included from plugins/python/wsgi_subhandler.c:1: plugins/python/uwsgi_python.h:4:10: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory 4 | #include <Python.h> | ^~~~~~~~~~ compilation terminated. In file included from plugins/python/web3_subhandler.c:1: plugins/python/uwsgi_python.h:4:10: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory 4 | #include <Python.h> | ^~~~~~~~~~ compilation terminated. In file included from plugins/python/gil.c:1: plugins/python/uwsgi_python.h:4:10: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory 4 | #include <Python.h> | ^~~~~~~~~~ compilation terminated. In file included from plugins/python/pump_subhandler.c:1: plugins/python/uwsgi_python.h:4:10: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory 4 | #include <Python.h> | ^~~~~~~~~~ compilation terminated. In file included from plugins/python/uwsgi_pymodule.c:1: plugins/python/uwsgi_python.h:4:10: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory 4 | #include <Python.h> | ^~~~~~~~~~ compilation terminated. In file included from plugins/python/profiler.c:1: plugins/python/uwsgi_python.h:4:10: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory 4 | #include <Python.h> | ^~~~~~~~~~ compilation terminated. [end of output] note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip. ERROR: Failed building wheel for uwsgi Running setup.py clean for uwsgi Failed to build uwsgi Installing collected packages: uwsgi Running setup.py install for uwsgi ... error error: subprocess-exited-with-error × Running setup.py install for uwsgi did not run successfully. │ exit code: 1 ╰─> [182 lines of output] /usr/lib/python3.11/distutils/dist.py:274: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'descriptions' warnings.warn(msg) running install using profile: buildconf/default.ini detected include path: ['/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/include', '/usr/local/include', '/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu', '/usr/include'] Patching "bin_name" to properly install_scripts dir detected CPU cores: 16 configured CFLAGS: -O2 -I. -Wall -D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 -Wextra -Wno-unused-parameter ...[생략]... ULEP(transformation_template);ULEP(stats_pusher_socket);" *** uWSGI compiling server core *** core/utils.o is up to date ...[생략]... core/xmlconf.o is up to date [thread 2][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/dot_h.o [thread 3][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/config_py.o *** uWSGI compiling embedded plugins *** [thread 1][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] plugins/python/wsgi_headers.o ...[생략]... [thread 3][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] plugins/gevent/hooks.o In file included from plugins/python/pyloader.c:1: plugins/python/uwsgi_python.h:4:10: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory 4 | #include <Python.h> | ^~~~~~~~~~ compilation terminated. In file included from plugins/python/pyutils.c:1: plugins/python/uwsgi_python.h:4:10: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory 4 | #include <Python.h> | ^~~~~~~~~~ compilation terminated. In file included from plugins/python/python_plugin.c:1: plugins/python/uwsgi_python.h:4:10: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory 4 | #include <Python.h> | ^~~~~~~~~~ compilation terminated. In file included from plugins/python/wsgi_headers.c:1: plugins/python/uwsgi_python.h:4:10: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory 4 | #include <Python.h> | ^~~~~~~~~~ compilation terminated. In file included from plugins/python/wsgi_handlers.c:1: plugins/python/uwsgi_python.h:4:10: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory 4 | #include <Python.h> | ^~~~~~~~~~ compilation terminated. In file included from plugins/python/gil.c:1: plugins/python/uwsgi_python.h:4:10: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory 4 | #include <Python.h> | ^~~~~~~~~~ compilation terminated. In file included from plugins/python/uwsgi_pymodule.c:1: plugins/python/uwsgi_python.h:4:10: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory 4 | #include <Python.h> | ^~~~~~~~~~ compilation terminated. In file included from plugins/python/wsgi_subhandler.c:1: plugins/python/uwsgi_python.h:4:10: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory 4 | #include <Python.h> | ^~~~~~~~~~ compilation terminated. In file included from plugins/python/symimporter.c:1: plugins/python/uwsgi_python.h:4:10: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory 4 | #include <Python.h> | ^~~~~~~~~~ compilation terminated. In file included from plugins/python/pump_subhandler.c:1: plugins/python/uwsgi_python.h:4:10: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory 4 | #include <Python.h> | ^~~~~~~~~~ compilation terminated. In file included from plugins/python/raw.c:1: plugins/python/uwsgi_python.h:4:10: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory 4 | #include <Python.h> | ^~~~~~~~~~ compilation terminated. In file included from plugins/python/web3_subhandler.c:1: plugins/python/uwsgi_python.h:4:10: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory 4 | #include <Python.h> | ^~~~~~~~~~ compilation terminated. In file included from plugins/python/tracebacker.c:1: plugins/python/uwsgi_python.h:4:10: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory 4 | #include <Python.h> | ^~~~~~~~~~ In file included from plugins/python/profiler.c:1: plugins/python/uwsgi_python.h:4:10: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory 4 | #include <Python.h> | ^~~~~~~~~~ compilation terminated. compilation terminated. In file included from plugins/gevent/gevent.h:1, from plugins/gevent/hooks.c:1: plugins/gevent/../python/uwsgi_python.h:4:10: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory 4 | #include <Python.h> | ^~~~~~~~~~ compilation terminated. In file included from plugins/gevent/gevent.h:1, from plugins/gevent/gevent.c:1: plugins/gevent/../python/uwsgi_python.h:4:10: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory 4 | #include <Python.h> | ^~~~~~~~~~ compilation terminated. [end of output] note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip. error: legacy-install-failure × Encountered error while trying to install package. ╰─> uwsgi note: This is an issue with the package mentioned above, not pip. hint: See above for output from the failure. </pre> <br /> 아래의 글에서처럼,<br /> <br /> <pre style='margin: 10px 0px 10px 10px; padding: 10px 0px 10px 10px; background-color: #fbedbb; overflow: auto; font-family: Consolas, Verdana;' > fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory ; <a target='tab' href='https://stackoverflow.com/questions/21530577/fatal-error-python-h-no-such-file-or-directory'>https://stackoverflow.com/questions/21530577/fatal-error-python-h-no-such-file-or-directory</a> </pre> <br /> python-dev가 없기 때문입니다. 따라서, 다음과 같은 식으로 설치해 주시면 됩니다.<br /> <br /> <pre style='margin: 10px 0px 10px 10px; padding: 10px 0px 10px 10px; background-color: #fbedbb; overflow: auto; font-family: Consolas, Verdana;' > $ <span style='color: blue; font-weight: bold'>sudo apt-get install python3.11-dev # for python3.11 installs</span> </pre> </p><br /> <br /><hr /><span style='color: Maroon'>[이 글에 대해서 여러분들과 의견을 공유하고 싶습니다. 틀리거나 미흡한 부분 또는 의문 사항이 있으시면 언제든 댓글 남겨주십시오.]</span> </div>
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