uwsgi-plugin-python3 환경에서 MySQLdb 사용 환경
지난 글에 이어서,
uwsgi-plugin-python3 환경에서 "ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'django'" 오류 발생
; https://www.sysnet.pe.kr/2/0/12883
결론 먼저 말하면, "uwsgi-plugin-python3" 구성 요소를 설치한 경우 MySQLdb 사용에 문제가 발생했을 때 이를 해결할 수 있는 방법을 모르겠습니다.
일단, pip install로 설치가 안 되었다면 "ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'MySQLdb'" 예외가 발생할 것입니다. 지난 글에 썼듯이,
파이썬 - MySQLdb 기본 예제 코드
; https://www.sysnet.pe.kr/2/0/12851
"pip install mysqlclient" 명령어를 내리면 될 텐데요, "python:3.8-slim-buster" 이미지에 기반을 둔 컨테이너에서는 이렇게 오류가 발생합니다.
# pip install mysqlclient==2.0.3
Collecting mysqlclient==2.0.3
Using cached mysqlclient-2.0.3.tar.gz (88 kB)
Preparing metadata (setup.py) ... error
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
command: /usr/local/bin/python -c 'import io, os, sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-w1zz1c6a/mysqlclient_467a1bf0e991450692698d99ca84297f/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-w1zz1c6a/mysqlclient_467a1bf0e991450692698d99ca84297f/setup.py'"'"';f = getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__) if os.path.exists(__file__) else io.StringIO('"'"'from setuptools import setup; setup()'"'"');code = f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' egg_info --egg-base /tmp/pip-pip-egg-info-lt0x_9ui
cwd: /tmp/pip-install-w1zz1c6a/mysqlclient_467a1bf0e991450692698d99ca84297f/
Complete output (15 lines):
/bin/sh: 1: mysql_config: not found
/bin/sh: 1: mariadb_config: not found
/bin/sh: 1: mysql_config: not found
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
File "/tmp/pip-install-w1zz1c6a/mysqlclient_467a1bf0e991450692698d99ca84297f/setup.py", line 15, in <module>
metadata, options = get_config()
File "/tmp/pip-install-w1zz1c6a/mysqlclient_467a1bf0e991450692698d99ca84297f/setup_posix.py", line 70, in get_config
libs = mysql_config("libs")
File "/tmp/pip-install-w1zz1c6a/mysqlclient_467a1bf0e991450692698d99ca84297f/setup_posix.py", line 31, in mysql_config
raise OSError("{} not found".format(_mysql_config_path))
OSError: mysql_config not found
mysql_config --version
mariadb_config --version
mysql_config --libs
----------------------------------------
WARNING: Discarding https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/3c/df/59cd2fa5e48d0804d213bdcb1acb4d08c403b61c7ff7ed4dd4a6a2deb3f7/mysqlclient-2.0.3.tar.gz#sha256=f6ebea7c008f155baeefe16c56cd3ee6239f7a5a9ae42396c2f1860f08a7c432 (from https://pypi.org/simple/mysqlclient/) (requires-python:>=3.5). Command errored out with exit status 1: python setup.py egg_info Check the logs for full command output.
ERROR: Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement mysqlclient==2.0.3 (from versions: 1.3.0, 1.3.1, 1.3.2, 1.3.3, 1.3.4, 1.3.5, 1.3.6, 1.3.7, 1.3.8, 1.3.9, 1.3.10, 1.3.11rc1, 1.3.11, 1.3.12, 1.3.13, 1.3.14, 1.4.0rc1, 1.4.0rc2, 1.4.0rc3, 1.4.0, 1.4.1, 1.4.2, 1.4.2.post1, 1.4.3, 1.4.4, 1.4.5, 1.4.6, 2.0.0, 2.0.1, 2.0.2, 2.0.3, 2.1.0rc1, 2.1.0)
ERROR: No matching distribution found for mysqlclient==2.0.3
에러 메시지를 보면 mysql_config, mariadb_config 중의 하나는 있어야 설치가 잘 되는 것 같습니다. 이에 대해 검색해 보면 "libmysqlclient-dev"를 설치하면 된다고 합니다.
$ sudo apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev
그런데, "python:3.8-slim-buster"가 사용하는 데비안에는 이런 패키지가 없다고 합니다. ^^
# apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Package libmysqlclient-dev is not available, but is referred to by another package.
This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or
is only available from another source
However the following packages replace it:
libmariadb-dev-compat libmariadb-dev
E: Package 'libmysqlclient-dev' has no installation candidate
대신 메시지를 보면 "libmariadb-dev-compat, "libmariadb-dev" 패키지에 속해 있다고 하는데요, 따라서 "libmariadb-dev"를 설치를 하면 됩니다.
# apt install libmariadb-dev
이후 다시 "pip install mysqlclient==2.0.3" 설치를 시도하면 그래도 오류가 발생하지만 메시지는 바뀌었습니다.
# pip install mysqlclient==2.0.3
Collecting mysqlclient==2.0.3
Using cached mysqlclient-2.0.3.tar.gz (88 kB)
Preparing metadata (setup.py) ... done
Building wheels for collected packages: mysqlclient
Building wheel for mysqlclient (setup.py) ... error
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
command: /usr/local/bin/python -u -c 'import io, os, sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-s5mutp72/mysqlclient_c01ebe68053541e8b1468e1a5ab5dc37/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-s5mutp72/mysqlclient_c01ebe68053541e8b1468e1a5ab5dc37/setup.py'"'"';f = getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__) if os.path.exists(__file__) else io.StringIO('"'"'from setuptools import setup; setup()'"'"');code = f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' bdist_wheel -d /tmp/pip-wheel-oys2zgga
cwd: /tmp/pip-install-s5mutp72/mysqlclient_c01ebe68053541e8b1468e1a5ab5dc37/
Complete output (43 lines):
mysql_config --version
/bin/sh: 1: mysql_config: not found
mariadb_config --version
['10.3.31']
mariadb_config --libs
['-L/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/', '-lmariadb']
mariadb_config --cflags
['-I/usr/include/mariadb', '-I/usr/include/mariadb/mysql']
ext_options:
library_dirs: ['/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/']
libraries: ['mariadb']
extra_compile_args: ['-std=c99']
extra_link_args: []
include_dirs: ['/usr/include/mariadb', '/usr/include/mariadb/mysql']
extra_objects: []
define_macros: [('version_info', "(2,0,3,'final',0)"), ('__version__', '2.0.3')]
running bdist_wheel
...[생략]...
building 'MySQLdb._mysql' extension
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/MySQLdb
gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -fPIC -Dversion_info=(2,0,3,'final',0) -D__version__=2.0.3 -I/usr/include/mariadb -I/usr/include/mariadb/mysql -I/usr/local/include/python3.8 -c MySQLdb/_mysql.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/MySQLdb/_mysql.o -std=c99
unable to execute 'gcc': No such file or directory
error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
----------------------------------------
ERROR: Failed building wheel for mysqlclient
Running setup.py clean for mysqlclient
Failed to build mysqlclient
Installing collected packages: mysqlclient
Running setup.py install for mysqlclient ... error
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
command: /usr/local/bin/python -u -c 'import io, os, sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-s5mutp72/mysqlclient_c01ebe68053541e8b1468e1a5ab5dc37/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-s5mutp72/mysqlclient_c01ebe68053541e8b1468e1a5ab5dc37/setup.py'"'"';f = getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__) if os.path.exists(__file__) else io.StringIO('"'"'from setuptools import setup; setup()'"'"');code = f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /tmp/pip-record-5b6anm21/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /usr/local/include/python3.8/mysqlclient
cwd: /tmp/pip-install-s5mutp72/mysqlclient_c01ebe68053541e8b1468e1a5ab5dc37/
Complete output (43 lines):
mysql_config --version
/bin/sh: 1: mysql_config: not found
mariadb_config --version
['10.3.31']
mariadb_config --libs
['-L/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/', '-lmariadb']
mariadb_config --cflags
['-I/usr/include/mariadb', '-I/usr/include/mariadb/mysql']
ext_options:
library_dirs: ['/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/']
libraries: ['mariadb']
extra_compile_args: ['-std=c99']
extra_link_args: []
include_dirs: ['/usr/include/mariadb', '/usr/include/mariadb/mysql']
extra_objects: []
define_macros: [('version_info', "(2,0,3,'final',0)"), ('__version__', '2.0.3')]
running install
running build
running build_py
creating build
...[생략]...
running build_ext
building 'MySQLdb._mysql' extension
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/MySQLdb
gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -fPIC -Dversion_info=(2,0,3,'final',0) -D__version__=2.0.3 -I/usr/include/mariadb -I/usr/include/mariadb/mysql -I/usr/local/include/python3.8 -c MySQLdb/_mysql.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/MySQLdb/_mysql.o -std=c99
unable to execute 'gcc': No such file or directory
error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /usr/local/bin/python -u -c 'import io, os, sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-s5mutp72/mysqlclient_c01ebe68053541e8b1468e1a5ab5dc37/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-s5mutp72/mysqlclient_c01ebe68053541e8b1468e1a5ab5dc37/setup.py'"'"';f = getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__) if os.path.exists(__file__) else io.StringIO('"'"'from setuptools import setup; setup()'"'"');code = f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /tmp/pip-record-5b6anm21/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /usr/local/include/python3.8/mysqlclient Check the logs for full command output.
음... gcc가 있어야 한다는군요. ^^; 그래도 마지막 단계이니 기쁜 마음으로 설치하고,
# apt install build-essential
이후 mysqlclient가 정상적으로 설치됩니다.
# pip install mysqlclient==2.0.3
그런데 실제로 uwsgi-plugin-python3으로 호스팅하는 파이썬 코드에서 사용해 보면 이번에는 다음과 같은 오류가 발생합니다.
NameError: name '_mysql' is not defined
검색해 보면,
NameError: name '_mysql' is not defined after setting change to mysql
; https://stackoverflow.com/questions/63109987/nameerror-name-mysql-is-not-defined-after-setting-change-to-mysql
이 오류는 mysql Native 라이브러리를 찾지 못해서인 것 같습니다.
# find / -path /mnt -prune -o -name mysql 2>/dev/null
/etc/mysql
/mnt
/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql
/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/mysql
/usr/include/mariadb/server/mysql
/usr/include/mariadb/mysql
뭔가 구성은 된 것 같은데 ^^... 어쨌든 여기서 막혔습니다. 재미있는 것은, 그냥 python 3.8 shell에서는 아무런 문제 없이 import가 잘 됩니다.
# python
Python 3.8.12 (default, Dec 3 2021, 02:23:43)
[GCC 8.3.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import MySQLdb
>>> MySQLdb.connect("192.168.100.50", "testusr", "testpw", "testdb", charset='utf8', connect_timeout=3)
<_mysql.connection open to '192.168.100.50' at 0x556d823fb3e0>
>>>
하지만 동일한 명령어가 (내부적으로 3.7을 호스팅하는) uwsgi-plugin-python3 구성 요소의 환경에서는 오류가 발생하는 것입니다. 아무래도 이게 해결되려면 uwsgi-plugin-python3가 자체 호스팅하는 python 3.7 환경에 대해 pip install을 적용해 mysqlclient를 설치해야 하지 않을까 싶은데, 그 방법을 모르겠습니다. (혹시 아시는 분은 덧글 부탁드립니다. ^^)
하지만, 저런 노력 필요 없이 그냥 애당초 uwsgi-plugin-python3 구성 요소를 사용하지 않고
"pip install uwsgi"로 설치한 환경에서 동작시키면 잘 됩니다. ^^;
[이 글에 대해서 여러분들과 의견을 공유하고 싶습니다. 틀리거나 미흡한 부분 또는 의문 사항이 있으시면 언제든 댓글 남겨주십시오.]