gunicorn - ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'flask'
지난 글을 통해,
Python - ImportError: cannot import name 'html5lib' from 'pip._vendor'
; https://www.sysnet.pe.kr/2/0/13175
python3.11과 pip을 이용해 Flask를 설치했는데,
$ python3.11 -m pip install Flask
Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages is not writeable
Collecting Flask
Using cached Flask-2.2.2-py3-none-any.whl (101 kB)
...[생략]...
Successfully built MarkupSafe
Installing collected packages: MarkupSafe, itsdangerous, click, Werkzeug, Jinja2, Flask
Successfully installed Flask-2.2.2 Jinja2-3.1.2 MarkupSafe-2.1.1 Werkzeug-2.2.2 click-8.1.3 itsdangerous-2.1.2
gunicorn 실행에서 Flask를 찾을 수 없다고 나옵니다.
$ gunicorn --bind 0:5000 "testwebapp:create_app()"
[2022-11-24 14:24:42 +0900] [1459] [INFO] Starting gunicorn 20.1.0
[2022-11-24 14:24:42 +0900] [1459] [INFO] Listening at: http://0.0.0.0:5000 (1459)
[2022-11-24 14:24:42 +0900] [1459] [INFO] Using worker: sync
[2022-11-24 14:24:42 +0900] [1461] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 1461
[2022-11-24 14:24:42 +0900] [1461] [ERROR] Exception in worker process
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/testusr/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 589, in spawn_worker
worker.init_process()
File "/home/testusr/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/base.py", line 134, in init_process
self.load_wsgi()
File "/home/testusr/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/base.py", line 146, in load_wsgi
self.wsgi = self.app.wsgi()
File "/home/testusr/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/gunicorn/app/base.py", line 67, in wsgi
self.callable = self.load()
File "/home/testusr/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py", line 58, in load
return self.load_wsgiapp()
File "/home/testusr/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py", line 48, in load_wsgiapp
return util.import_app(self.app_uri)
File "/home/testusr/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/gunicorn/util.py", line 359, in import_app
mod = importlib.import_module(module)
File "/usr/lib/python3.8/importlib/__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1014, in _gcd_import
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 991, in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 975, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 671, in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 848, in exec_module
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
File "/testprj/latest_flask/testwebapp/__init__.py", line 2, in <module>
from flask import Flask, render_template
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'flask'
[2022-11-24 14:24:42 +0900] [1461] [INFO] Worker exiting (pid: 1461)
[2022-11-24 14:24:42 +0900] [1459] [INFO] Shutting down: Master
[2022-11-24 14:24:42 +0900] [1459] [INFO] Reason: Worker failed to boot.
왜냐하면 gunicorn도 python 버전에 종속돼 있기 때문입니다.
$ which gunicorn
/home/testusr/.local/bin/gunicorn
$ cat ~/.local/bin/gunicorn
#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import re
import sys
from gunicorn.app.wsgiapp import run
if __name__ == '__main__':
sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
sys.exit(run())
shebang으로 분명히 "#!/usr/bin/python3"을 가리키고 있습니다. 그렇다고 shebang을 변경한다고 해서,
$ cat ~/.local/bin/gunicorn3.11
#!/usr/bin/python3.11
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import re
import sys
from gunicorn.app.wsgiapp import run
if __name__ == '__main__':
sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
sys.exit(run())
해결될 일이 아닙니다.
$ gunicorn --bind 0:5000 "testwebapp:create_app()"
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/testusr/.local/bin/gunicorn", line 5, in <module>
from gunicorn.app.wsgiapp import run
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'gunicorn'
애당초 gunicorn은 파이썬 모듈로 설치되기 때문입니다. 따라서, 저렇게 shebang만 고친 파일이 아닌, python3.11에 gunicorn을 별도로 설치해야 합니다.
$ python3.11 -m pip install gunicorn
그럼, 기존의 "~/.local/bin/gunicorn" 파일을 덮어쓰는 부작용이 있는데,
$ cat ~/.local/bin/gunicorn
#!/usr/bin/python3.11
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import re
import sys
from gunicorn.app.wsgiapp import run
if __name__ == '__main__':
sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
sys.exit(run())
어쩔 수 없습니다. 버전 별로 필요하다면 파일을 별도로 만들어 두어야 합니다.
[이 글에 대해서 여러분들과 의견을 공유하고 싶습니다. 틀리거나 미흡한 부분 또는 의문 사항이 있으시면 언제든 댓글 남겨주십시오.]