ASP.NET에서 System.BadImageFormatException 예외가 발생하는 경우
대개, System.BadImageFormatException 예외가 발생하는 것은 플랫폼 설정이 맞지 않기 때문이고 이럴 때는 응용 프로그램이 정상적으로 실행되지 않을 수 있습니다.
System.BadImageFormatException
; https://www.sysnet.pe.kr/2/0/519
supportedRuntime 옵션과 System.BadImageFormatException 예외
; https://www.sysnet.pe.kr/2/0/1233
하지만, 때로는
이 예외를 Thrown 설정으로 켜놓으면 원치 않게 발생하는 경우도 있는데요. 예를 들어, 콜스택이 다음과 같은 상황으로 System.BadImageFormatException 예외가 발생할 수 있습니다.
> mscorlib.dll!System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly.nLoad(System.Reflection.AssemblyName fileName, string codeBase, System.Security.Policy.Evidence assemblySecurity, System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly locationHint, ref System.Threading.StackCrawlMark stackMark, System.IntPtr pPrivHostBinder, bool throwOnFileNotFound, bool forIntrospection, bool suppressSecurityChecks) + 0x25 bytes
mscorlib.dll!System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly.InternalLoadAssemblyName(System.Reflection.AssemblyName assemblyRef, System.Security.Policy.Evidence assemblySecurity, System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly reqAssembly, ref System.Threading.StackCrawlMark stackMark, System.IntPtr pPrivHostBinder, bool throwOnFileNotFound, bool forIntrospection, bool suppressSecurityChecks) + 0x15c bytes
mscorlib.dll!System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly.InternalLoad(string assemblyString, System.Security.Policy.Evidence assemblySecurity, ref System.Threading.StackCrawlMark stackMark, System.IntPtr pPrivHostBinder, bool forIntrospection) + 0x54 bytes
mscorlib.dll!System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly.InternalLoad(string assemblyString, System.Security.Policy.Evidence assemblySecurity, ref System.Threading.StackCrawlMark stackMark, bool forIntrospection) + 0x17 bytes
mscorlib.dll!System.Reflection.Assembly.Load(string assemblyString) + 0x1e bytes
System.Web.dll!System.Web.Configuration.CompilationSection.LoadAssemblyHelper(string assemblyName, bool starDirective) + 0x27 bytes
System.Web.dll!System.Web.Configuration.CompilationSection.LoadAllAssembliesFromAppDomainBinDirectory() + 0xc5 bytes
System.Web.dll!System.Web.Configuration.CompilationSection.LoadAssembly(System.Web.Configuration.AssemblyInfo ai) + 0x2e bytes
System.Web.dll!System.Web.Configuration.AssemblyInfo.AssemblyInternal.get() + 0x1a bytes
System.Web.dll!System.Web.Compilation.BuildManager.GetReferencedAssemblies(System.Web.Configuration.CompilationSection compConfig) + 0x8b bytes
System.Web.dll!System.Web.Compilation.BuildManager.GetPreStartInitMethodsFromReferencedAssemblies() + 0x1a bytes
System.Web.dll!System.Web.Compilation.BuildManager.CallPreStartInitMethods(string preStartInitListPath, out bool isRefAssemblyLoaded) + 0x70 bytes
System.Web.dll!System.Web.Compilation.BuildManager.ExecutePreAppStart() + 0x7f bytes
System.Web.dll!System.Web.Hosting.HostingEnvironment.Initialize(System.Web.Hosting.ApplicationManager appManager, System.Web.Hosting.IApplicationHost appHost, System.Web.Configuration.IConfigMapPathFactory configMapPathFactory, System.Web.Hosting.HostingEnvironmentParameters hostingParameters, System.Security.Policy.PolicyLevel policyLevel, System.Exception appDomainCreationException) + 0x2a3 bytes
System.Web.dll!System.Web.Hosting.HostingEnvironment.Initialize(System.Web.Hosting.ApplicationManager appManager, System.Web.Hosting.IApplicationHost appHost, System.Web.Configuration.IConfigMapPathFactory configMapPathFactory, System.Web.Hosting.HostingEnvironmentParameters hostingParameters, System.Security.Policy.PolicyLevel policyLevel) + 0x18 bytes
[Appdomain Transition]
System.Web.dll!System.Web.Hosting.ApplicationManager.CreateAppDomainWithHostingEnvironment(string appId, System.Web.Hosting.IApplicationHost appHost, System.Web.Hosting.HostingEnvironmentParameters hostingParameters) + 0x157c bytes
System.Web.dll!System.Web.Hosting.ApplicationManager.CreateAppDomainWithHostingEnvironmentAndReportErrors(string appId, System.Web.Hosting.IApplicationHost appHost, System.Web.Hosting.HostingEnvironmentParameters hostingParameters) + 0x25 bytes
System.Web.dll!System.Web.Hosting.ApplicationManager.GetAppDomainWithHostingEnvironment(string appId, System.Web.Hosting.IApplicationHost appHost, System.Web.Hosting.HostingEnvironmentParameters hostingParameters) + 0x74 bytes
System.Web.dll!System.Web.Hosting.ApplicationManager.CreateObjectInternal(string appId, System.Type type, System.Web.Hosting.IApplicationHost appHost, bool failIfExists, System.Web.Hosting.HostingEnvironmentParameters hostingParameters) + 0x48 bytes
System.Web.dll!System.Web.Hosting.ProcessHost.StartApplication(string appId, string appPath, out object runtimeInterface) + 0x109 bytes
[Native to Managed Transition]
보시면, bin 폴더의 모든 어셈블리를 로드하라는 메서드가 있는데 소스 코드를 보면 오류 원인을 알 수 있습니다.
internal Assembly[] LoadAllAssembliesFromAppDomainBinDirectory()
{
string binDirectoryInternal = HttpRuntime.BinDirectoryInternal;
Assembly assembly = null;
Assembly[] assemblyArray = null;
if (System.Web.Util.FileUtil.DirectoryExists(binDirectoryInternal))
{
FileInfo[] files = new DirectoryInfo(binDirectoryInternal).GetFiles("*.dll");
if (files.Length != 0)
{
ArrayList list = new ArrayList(files.Length);
for (int i = 0; i < files.Length; i++)
{
string assemblyNameFromFileName = Util.GetAssemblyNameFromFileName(files[i].Name);
if (!assemblyNameFromFileName.StartsWith("App_Web_", StringComparison.Ordinal))
{
if (!this.GetAssembliesCollection().IsRemoved(assemblyNameFromFileName))
{
assembly = this.LoadAssemblyHelper(assemblyNameFromFileName, true);
}
if (assembly != null)
{
list.Add(assembly);
}
}
}
assemblyArray = (Assembly[]) list.ToArray(typeof(Assembly));
}
}
if (assemblyArray == null)
{
assemblyArray = new Assembly[0];
}
return assemblyArray;
}
즉, bin 폴더의 모든 DLL을 로드해서 Assembly.Load를 해보는 것인데 만약 Native DLL이라도 있는 경우라면 여지없이 System.BadImageFormatException 예외가 발생합니다. 이것이 귀찮아서라도 System.BadImageFormatException 항목을 "Exception Settings"의 "Thrown" 항목에서 제외시켜야만 합니다.
다행히, 이를 비켜가는 방법이 있습니다. 이는 compilation 섹션에 의해 발생하는 것이므로 다음과 같이 원하는 항목에 대해 <remove />로 명시해 주면 됩니다.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
...[생략]...
<system.web>
...[생략]...
<compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.0">
<assemblies>
<remove assembly="db2app"/>
<remove assembly="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Web.PageInspector.Loader, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a" />
<add assembly="System.Data.Entity, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" />
<add assembly="System.Data.Entity.Design, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B77A5C561934E089" />
</assemblies>
</compilation>
...[생략]...
</system.web>
...[생략]...
</configuration>
위의 설정에서는 db2app.dll 파일을 로드할 필요 없다는 것을 알립니다.
그래도 ASP.NET 환경에서는 System.BadImageFormatException 예외가 발생하는 상황이 하나 더 있습니다. 예외 상황은 다음과 같습니다.
System.BadImageFormatException occurred
HResult=-2146234344
Message=Could not load file or assembly 'file:///D:\....WebSiteTest4\bin\db2app.dll' or one of its dependencies. The module was expected to contain an assembly manifest.
Source=mscorlib
FileName=file:///D:\....WebSiteTest4\bin\db2app.dll
FusionLog==== Pre-bind state information ===
LOG: Where-ref bind. Location = D:\....WebSiteTest4\bin\db2app.dll
LOG: Appbase = file:///D:/....WebSiteTest4/
LOG: Initial PrivatePath = D:\....WebSiteTest4\bin
Calling assembly : (Unknown).
===
LOG: This is an inspection only bind.
LOG: Using application configuration file: D:\....WebSiteTest4\web.config
LOG: Using host configuration file: C:\...\Documents\IISExpress\config\aspnet.config
LOG: Using machine configuration file from C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\config\machine.config.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///D:/....WebSiteTest4/bin/db2app.dll.
ERR: Failed to complete setup of assembly (hr = 0x80131018). Probing terminated.
StackTrace:
at System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly._nLoad(AssemblyName fileName, String codeBase, Evidence assemblySecurity, RuntimeAssembly locationHint, StackCrawlMark& stackMark, IntPtr pPrivHostBinder, Boolean throwOnFileNotFound, Boolean forIntrospection, Boolean suppressSecurityChecks)
at System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly.nLoad(AssemblyName fileName, String codeBase, Evidence assemblySecurity, RuntimeAssembly locationHint, StackCrawlMark& stackMark, IntPtr pPrivHostBinder, Boolean throwOnFileNotFound, Boolean forIntrospection, Boolean suppressSecurityChecks)
InnerException:
콜 스택은 이렇고.
> mscorlib.dll!System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly.nLoad(System.Reflection.AssemblyName fileName, string codeBase, System.Security.Policy.Evidence assemblySecurity, System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly locationHint, ref System.Threading.StackCrawlMark stackMark, System.IntPtr pPrivHostBinder, bool throwOnFileNotFound, bool forIntrospection, bool suppressSecurityChecks) + 0x25 bytes
mscorlib.dll!System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly.InternalLoadAssemblyName(System.Reflection.AssemblyName assemblyRef, System.Security.Policy.Evidence assemblySecurity, System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly reqAssembly, ref System.Threading.StackCrawlMark stackMark, System.IntPtr pPrivHostBinder, bool throwOnFileNotFound, bool forIntrospection, bool suppressSecurityChecks) + 0x15c bytes
mscorlib.dll!System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly.InternalLoadAssemblyName(System.Reflection.AssemblyName assemblyRef, System.Security.Policy.Evidence assemblySecurity, System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly reqAssembly, ref System.Threading.StackCrawlMark stackMark, bool throwOnFileNotFound, bool forIntrospection, bool suppressSecurityChecks) + 0x1e bytes
mscorlib.dll!System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly.InternalLoadFrom(string assemblyFile, System.Security.Policy.Evidence securityEvidence, byte[] hashValue, System.Configuration.Assemblies.AssemblyHashAlgorithm hashAlgorithm, bool forIntrospection, bool suppressSecurityChecks, ref System.Threading.StackCrawlMark stackMark) + 0x69 bytes
mscorlib.dll!System.Reflection.Assembly.ReflectionOnlyLoadFrom(string assemblyFile) + 0x24 bytes
Microsoft.Owin.Host.SystemWeb.dll!Owin.Loader.DefaultLoader.GetDefaultConfigurationString(System.Func<System.Reflection.Assembly,string[]> defaultTypeNames) + 0x18a bytes
Microsoft.Owin.Host.SystemWeb.dll!Owin.Loader.DefaultLoader.LoadImplementation(string startupName) + 0x69 bytes
Microsoft.Owin.Host.SystemWeb.dll!Owin.Loader.DefaultLoader.Load(string startupName) + 0x13 bytes
Microsoft.Owin.Host.SystemWeb.dll!Microsoft.Owin.Host.SystemWeb.OwinBuilder.Build() + 0x47 bytes
mscorlib.dll!System.Lazy<Microsoft.Owin.Host.SystemWeb.OwinAppContext>.CreateValue() + 0xa5 bytes
mscorlib.dll!System.Lazy<Microsoft.Owin.Host.SystemWeb.OwinAppContext>.LazyInitValue() + 0x16f bytes
mscorlib.dll!System.Lazy<Microsoft.Owin.Host.SystemWeb.OwinAppContext>.Value.get() + 0x79 bytes
Microsoft.Owin.Host.SystemWeb.dll!Microsoft.Owin.Host.SystemWeb.OwinApplication.Instance.get() + 0x12 bytes
Microsoft.Owin.Host.SystemWeb.dll!Microsoft.Owin.Host.SystemWeb.OwinHttpModule.Init(System.Web.HttpApplication context) + 0x2d bytes
System.Web.dll!System.Web.HttpApplication.RegisterEventSubscriptionsWithIIS(System.IntPtr appContext, System.Web.HttpContext context, System.Reflection.MethodInfo[] handlers) + 0x1a7 bytes
System.Web.dll!System.Web.HttpApplication.InitSpecial(System.Web.HttpApplicationState state, System.Reflection.MethodInfo[] handlers, System.IntPtr appContext, System.Web.HttpContext context) + 0xb8 bytes
System.Web.dll!System.Web.HttpApplicationFactory.GetSpecialApplicationInstance(System.IntPtr appContext, System.Web.HttpContext context) + 0x119 bytes
System.Web.dll!System.Web.HttpApplicationFactory.GetPipelineApplicationInstance(System.IntPtr appContext, System.Web.HttpContext context) + 0x37 bytes
System.Web.dll!System.Web.Hosting.PipelineRuntime.InitializeApplication(System.IntPtr appContext) + 0xab bytes
[Appdomain Transition]
[Native to Managed Transition]
원인은 Microsoft.Owin.Host.SystemWeb 어셈블리 때문인데요, 소스 코드는 다음과 같습니다.
internal static OwinAppContext Build()
{
string str = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["owin:Configuration"];
DefaultLoader loader = new DefaultLoader();
return Build(loader.Load(str ?? string.Empty));
}
public Action<IAppBuilder> Load(string startupName) =>
(this.LoadImplementation(startupName) ?? this._next(startupName));
private Action<IAppBuilder> LoadImplementation(string startupName)
{
if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(startupName))
{
startupName = GetDefaultConfigurationString(assembly => new string[] { "Startup", assembly.GetName().Name + ".Startup" });
}
Tuple<Type, string> typeAndMethodNameForConfigurationString = GetTypeAndMethodNameForConfigurationString(startupName);
if (typeAndMethodNameForConfigurationString == null)
{
return null;
}
...
}
GetDefaultConfigurationString 메서드에서 역시 /bin 폴더의 모든 어셈블리를 로드해 보는 것이 문제인데요. 아쉽게도 이를 우회할 수 있는 공식적인 방법은 없습니다. 단지, 위의 소스 코드에서 볼 수 있듯이 Build 메서드에서 "owin:Configuration"의 결과에 따라 GetDefaultConfigurationString 메서드의 수행을 비켜갈 수 있기 때문에 OWIN을 쓰지 않는 경우라면 AppSettings에 다음과 같은 항목을 넣어주면 됩니다.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
...[생략]...
<appSettings>
<add key="owin:Configuration" value="blah.blah" />
...[생략]...
</appSettings>
...[생략]...
</configuration>
value 문자열은 OWIN을 쓰지 않는 경우라면 무엇을 넣어도 상관없습니다. OWIN을 쓰는 경우라면 어떤지 모르겠지만, OWIN을 쓸 상황이라면 아마 대부분 native DLL을 사용하지 않을 것이므로 저런 문제가 발생하지는 않을 것입니다.
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