Win32 - 대화창 템플릿의 2진 리소스를 읽어들여 윈도우를 직접 띄우는 방법

지난 글에 다이얼로그 리소스 형식을 알아봤으니,

Win32 - 리소스에 포함된 대화창 Template의 2진 코드 해석 방법
; https://www.sysnet.pe.kr/2/0/13286

The dialog manager, part 1: Warm-ups
; https://devblogs.microsoft.com/oldnewthing/20050329-00/?p=36043

// Modeless 대화창 생성하는 함수
#define CreateDialogA(hInstance, lpName, hWndParent, lpDialogFunc) CreateDialogParamA(hInstance, lpName, hWndParent, lpDialogFunc, 0L)
#define CreateDialogW(hInstance, lpName, hWndParent, lpDialogFunc) CreateDialogParamW(hInstance, lpName, hWndParent, lpDialogFunc, 0L)

#define CreateDialogIndirectA(hInstance, lpTemplate, hWndParent, lpDialogFunc) CreateDialogIndirectParamA(hInstance, lpTemplate, hWndParent, lpDialogFunc, 0L)
#define CreateDialogIndirectW(hInstance, lpTemplate, hWndParent, lpDialogFunc) CreateDialogIndirectParamW(hInstance, lpTemplate, hWndParent, lpDialogFunc, 0L)

HWND WINAPI CreateDialogParam(HINSTANCE hinst,
    LPCTSTR pszTemplate, HWND hwndParent,
    DLGPROC lpDlgProc, LPARAM dwInitParam)
{
  HWND hdlg = NULL;
  HRSRC hrsrc = FindResource(hinst, pszTemplate, RT_DIALOG);
  if (hrsrc) {
    HGLOBAL hglob = LoadResource(hinst, hrsrc);
    if (hglob) {
      LPVOID pTemplate = LockResource(hglob); // 여기서 읽힌 데이터는 대화창 Template을 나타내는 이진 코드
      if (pTemplate) {
        hdlg = CreateDialogIndirectParam(hinst, pTemplate, hwndParent, lpDlgProc, dwInitParam);
      }
      FreeResource(hglob);
    }
  }
  return hdlg;
}

The dialog manager, part 2: Creating the frame window
; https://devblogs.microsoft.com/oldnewthing/20050330-00/?p=36023

DLGTEMPLATEEX structure
; https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/dlgbox/dlgtemplateex

DLGITEMTEMPLATEEX structure
; https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/dlgbox/dlgitemtemplateex

typedef struct {
  WORD      dlgVer;
  WORD      signature;
  DWORD     helpID;
  DWORD     exStyle;
  DWORD     style;
  WORD      cDlgItems;
  short     x;
  short     y;
  short     cx;
  short     cy;
  sz_Or_Ord menu;
  sz_Or_Ord windowClass;
  WCHAR     title[titleLen];
  WORD      pointsize;
  WORD      weight;
  BYTE      italic;
  BYTE      charset;
  WCHAR     typeface[stringLen];
} DLGTEMPLATEEX;

{
    // ...[생략]...
    LPVOID lpv = ::LockResource(hglobal);
    DWORD resSize = SizeofResource(hInst, hrsrc);

    DLGTEMPLATEEX* item = DLGTEMPLATEEX::ReadDialog(hInst, hWndMainWindow, AboutModeless, lpv);

    // 처리

    delete item;
}

INT_PTR CALLBACK AboutModeless(HWND hDlg, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
    switch (message)
    {
    case WM_INITDIALOG:
        return (INT_PTR)TRUE;

    case WM_COMMAND:
        {
            WORD cmdId = LOWORD(wParam);
            if (cmdId == IDOK || cmdId == IDCANCEL)
            {
                ::DestroyWindow(hDlg);
                return (INT_PTR)TRUE;
            }
        }
        break;
    }

    return (INT_PTR)FALSE;
}

DS_MODALFRAME
    ==> Extended windw style: WS_EX_DLGMODALFRAME | WS_EX_WINDOWEDGE

DS_CONTEXTHELP
    ==> Extended windw style: WS_EX_CONTEXTHELP

DS_CONTROL
    ==> window style에서 제거: WS_CAPTION, WS_SYSMENU    
    ==> Extended windw style: WS_EX_CONTROLPARENT
    (* DS_CONTROL 옵션을 WS_POPUP과는 배타적으로, WS_CHILD와는 함께 사용)

dwStyle == DS_SETFONT | DS_MODALFRAME | DS_FIXEDSYS | WS_POPUP | WS_CAPTION | WS_SYSMENU

if ((style & DS_MODALFRAME) == DS_MODALFRAME)
{
    style &= ~DS_MODALFRAME;
    exStyle |= WS_EX_DLGMODALFRAME | WS_EX_WINDOWEDGE;
}

// ...[생략: DS_CONTEXTHELP, DS_CONTROL]...

if (menu != nullptr && menu->HasValue())
{
    if (menu->ordinal != 0)
    {
        _hMenu = ::LoadMenu(NULL, MAKEINTRESOURCE(menu->ordinal));
    }
    else
    {
        _hMenu = ::LoadMenu(NULL, menu->name);
    }
}

/*
STYLE DS_SETFONT | DS_MODALFRAME | DS_FIXEDSYS | WS_POPUP | WS_CAPTION | WS_SYSMENU
CAPTION "About Project1"
FONT 8, "MS Shell Dlg"
*/

if ((style & DS_SETFONT) == DS_SETFONT)
{
    HDC dc = GetDC(nullptr);
    int pixels = MulDiv(this->pointsize, GetDeviceCaps(dc, LOGPIXELSY), 72); // MM_TEXT 모드인 경우
    ReleaseDC(0, dc);

    _hFont = ::CreateFont(
        -pixels,
        0,
        0,
        0,
        weight,
        italic,
        0,
        0,
        DEFAULT_CHARSET,
        OUT_DEFAULT_PRECIS,
        CLIP_DEFAULT_PRECIS,
        DEFAULT_QUALITY,
        DEFAULT_PITCH,
        typeface);
}
else if ((style & DS_FIXEDSYS) == DS_FIXEDSYS) // DS_SETFONT보다 우선순위가 낮음(NT 4 운영체제 이하에서 실행되는 것을 고려)
{
    _hFont = (HFONT)GetStockObject(SYSTEM_FIXED_FONT);
}
else 
{
    _hFont = (HFONT)GetStockObject(SYSTEM_FONT);
}

IDD_ABOUTBOX DIALOGEX 0, 0, 170, 62

long baseUinits = GetDialogBaseUnits();
DWORD baseUinitsX = LOWORD(baseUinits); // 필자의 시스템에서, 8
DWORD baseUinitsY = HIWORD(baseUinits); // 필자의 시스템에서, 16

_dlgPosition.left = MulDiv(x, baseUinitsX, 4);
_dlgPosition.right = _dlgPosition.left + MulDiv(cx, baseUinitsX, 4); // 4 x-DLU

_dlgPosition.top = MulDiv(y, baseUinitsY, 8);
_dlgPosition.bottom = _dlgPosition.top + MulDiv(cy, baseUinitsY, 8); // 8 y-DLU

GetDialogBaseUnits is a crock
; https://devblogs.microsoft.com/oldnewthing/20040217-00/?p=40573

HDC hDC = GetDC(nullptr);
::SelectObject(hDC, _hFont);

TEXTMETRIC tm = { 0 };
GetTextMetrics(hDC, &tm);

int baseUnitsY = tm.tmHeight;
SIZE size = { 0 };

GetTextExtentPoint32(hDC, L"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz", 52, &size);
int baseUnitsX = (size.cx / 26 + 1) / 2;

int cxDlg = MulDiv(cx, baseUnitsX, 4);
int cyDlg = MulDiv(cy, baseUnitsY, 8);

::DeleteDC(hDC);

FONT 8, "MS Shell Dlg"

RECT rcAdjust = { 0, 0, cxDlg, cyDlg };
AdjustWindowRectEx(&rcAdjust, dwStyle, hmenu != NULL, dwExStyle);
cxDlg = rcAdjust.right - rcAdjust.left;
cyDlg = rcAdjust.bottom - rcAdjust.top;

if ((style & DS_ABSALIGN) != DS_ABSALIGN)
{
    POINT pt = { MulDiv(x, baseUnitsX, 4), MulDiv(y, baseUnitsY, 8) };
    ClientToScreen(_hwndParent, &pt);

    _dlgPosition.left = pt.x;
    _dlgPosition.top = pt.y;
}

_dlgPosition.right = _dlgPosition.left + cxDlg;
_dlgPosition.bottom = _dlgPosition.top + cyDlg;

BOOL fWasVisible = style & WS_VISIBLE;
style &= ~WS_VISIBLE;

LPCWSTR className = nullptr;
    
if (windowClass != nullptr && windowClass->HasValue())
{
    if (windowClass->ordinal != 0)
    {
        className = MAKEINTRESOURCE(windowClass->ordinal);
    }
    else
    {
        className = windowClass->name;
    }
}

if (className == nullptr)
{
    // 기본 대화창의 window classname == #32770
    className = MAKEINTRESOURCE(32770);
}
    
_hDlg = CreateWindowExW(
    exStyle, 
    className,
    title,
    style & 0xFFFF0000, // DS_* 스타일을 제거
    _dlgPosition.left,
    _dlgPosition.top,
    _dlgPosition.right - _dlgPosition.left,
    _dlgPosition.bottom - _dlgPosition.top,
    _hwndParent,
    _hMenu,
    _hInstance,
    nullptr);

::SetWindowLongPtr(_hDlg, DWLP_DLGPROC, (LPARAM)_dlgProc); // 사용자가 구현한 Dialog Procedure 호출을 위해
    
::SendMessageW(_hDlg, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)_hFont, FALSE); // 폰트 설정

::ShowWindow(_hDlg, SW_SHOW); // 원래는 이 단계에서 보여주진 않지만, 테스트를 위해 추가

What's so special about the desktop window?
; https://devblogs.microsoft.com/oldnewthing/20040224-00/?p=40493

1. A modal dialog disables its owner.
2. Every window is a descendant of the desktop.
3. When a window is disabled, all its descendants are also disabled.

HWND hDesktopWnd = ::GetDesktopWindow();
DialogBox(hInst, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDD_ABOUTBOX), hDesktopWnd, About);

Why are dialog boxes initially created hidden?
; https://devblogs.microsoft.com/oldnewthing/20040311-00/?p=40303

baseUnitsX = 6;
baseUnitsY = 13;

int cxDlg = MulDiv(this->cx, baseUnitsX, 4); // baseUnitsX:4 비율 == 1.5
int cyDlg = MulDiv(this->cy, baseUnitsY, 8); // baseUnitsY:8 비율 == 1.625

GetTextExtentPoint32(hDC, L"가나다", 3, &size); // size.cx == 18
int baseUnitsX = size.cx / 3.0;